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An electronic sphygmomanometer is a medical device that uses modern electronic technology and the principle of indirect blood pressure measurement to measure blood pressure. Electronic sphygmomanometers are divided into arm type, wrist type and watch type; its technology has experienced the most primitive first generation (mechanical fixed speed exhaust valve), second generation (electronic servo valve), and third generation (pressurized Synchronous measurement) and the development of the fourth generation (integrated gas circuit). It usually consists of a blocking cuff, a sensor, an air pump, and a measuring circuit. Electronic equipment for blood pressure measurement using oscillometric method, offset sound method or similar non-invasive blood pressure indirect measurement principle. Overview The principle of the electronic sphygmomanometer adopts the oscillometric method, which is accurate in principle. The clinical verification of the electronic sphygmomanometer is designed with auscultation as the standard and using statistical methods. But this does not mean that the results measured by the auscultation method using a mercury pressure gauge are more accurate than those of an electronic sphygmomanometer. Of course, it is not necessarily correct to think that the measurement result of the electronic sphygmomanometer is more accurate than the result measured by the auscultation method using the mercury pressure gauge. Because mercury is too destructive to the environment, it is recommended not to use a mercury sphygmomanometer. The country has also banned the use of mercury sphygmomanometers in legislation. The mercury sphygmomanometer used by doctors in the hospital is just a tool for pressure measurement. The view that the mercury sphygmomanometer is an accurate sphygmomanometer is one-sided, because the mercury column sphygmomanometer is just a pressure gauge, and the focus is on the doctor`s auscultation through a stethoscope. Developed countries in the world generally prohibit the use of mercury column sphygmomanometers, and use pressure gauges, but due to the mechanical design principles of pressure gauges, it must be calibrated once every three months. Nowadays, electronic sphygmomanometers have realized automatic and intelligent measurement. The measurement data can be automatically transmitted to the health management platform through the network, and the health data report will be generated and fed back to the user. The measurement results are more accurate than traditional electronic blood pressure monitors due to the use of more advanced technology. It is normal for individual subjects to have differences between electronic sphygmomanometers and auscultation methods. Function Used to measure the patient's blood pressure on the arm or wrist. Principle of sphygmomanometer The indirect blood pressure measurement method is divided into the auscultatory method and the oscillometric method. The auscultation method has its inherent shortcomings: First, there has been controversy over whether the diastolic blood pressure corresponds to the fourth phase or the fifth phase, and the discrimination error caused by this is very large. The second is to judge systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure by listening to Korotkoff`s voice. The readings are affected by a series of factors such as the doctor`s mood, hearing, environmental noise, and the testee`s tension, which easily introduces subjective errors and is difficult to standardize. Although the electronic sphygmomanometer made on the principle of auscultation has realized automatic detection, it still has not completely solved its inherent shortcomings, that is, large errors, poor repeatability, and susceptibility to noise interference. Most blood pressure monitors and automatic electronic sphygmomanometers use the oscillometric method to measure blood pressure indirectly. The oscillometric method determines blood pressure by establishing the relationship between systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, average pressure and cuff pressure shock waves. Because pulse pressure oscillating wave has a relatively stable correlation with blood pressure, in the application of self-testing blood pressure at home, the blood pressure measured by the principle of oscilloscope is more accurate than the auscultation method. Moreover, when the oscillometric method measures blood pressure, there is no pickup device in the cuff, the operation is simple, the ability to resist external noise interference is strong, and the average pressure can be measured at the same time. It must be pointed out that from the principle of measurement, the two indirect measurement methods do not have the problem of which one is more accurate. Product structure There are three generations of electronic sphygmomanometers. The following describes its structure according to the third-generation electronic sphygmomanometer. 1. The first generation of electronic blood pressure monitor (G1-NIBPM) The main components of the composition: fast pressurizing air pump or manual pressurizing pump, electronic quick exhaust valve, mechanical fixed speed exhaust valve, air pressure sensor Due to the use of rubber valves that are prone to aging, they are generally considered inaccurate. This technology has been eliminated by mainstream electronic sphygmomanometer manufacturers. 2. The structure of the second-generation electronic blood pressure monitor (G2-NIBPM) Main components: pressurized air pump, electronically controlled exhaust valve, air pressure sensor Technology used: MWD technology (measured during decompression) Measurement characteristics: Due to the use of electronically controlled exhaust valve servo technology (ECV SERVO TECHNOLOGY), the speed of fixed-speed exhaust is truly fixed, and can be intelligently pressurized according to the blood pressure of the measurer, and the measurement result is more stable (other Except for influencing factors). Feature 1: Only one exhaust valve is used-electronically controlled exhaust valve, which is also used for fixed speed exhaust and rapid exhaust at the end of the measurement; Feature 2: Intelligent pressure. That is, the sphygmomanometer will make a rough judgment on the measurer's blood pressure in advance during the pressurization process, so as to determine the final pressure value that needs to be added, usually the pressure value is added to the measurer's systolic blood pressure +30mmHg; Feature 3: The deflation speed can be stabilized at 3~4mmHg/s from the beginning. The second-generation electronic sphygmomanometer (G2-NIBPM) is characterized by its electronically controlled exhaust valve (ECV) and electronically controlled exhaust valve servo technology. Internationally, there are roughly the following companies that have mastered "Electronic Control Exhaust Valve (ECV) and Electronic Control Exhaust Valve Servo Technology": Jinyidi Technology, Omron, and Panasonic. The first-generation and second-generation measurement technologies are collectively referred to as MWD technology (measurement during decompression), which corresponds to the following third-generation MWI technology (measurement during pressurization). 3. The structure of the third-generation electronic sphygmomanometer (G3-NIBPM) Main components: servo pressurized air pump, electronically controlled exhaust valve, air pressure sensor Technology used: MWI technology (measured under pressure) Measurement features: pressurize at a constant speed, and measure blood pressure during the pressurization process. Feature 1: Use a servo pressurized air pump-control the pressurization speed, and measure blood pressure during the pressurization process; Feature 2: Use only one exhaust valve ------ electronic quick exhaust valve for quick exhaust at the end of the measurement. The technical difficulty of this generation of electronic sphygmomanometers is MWI technology (pressure simultaneous measurement). The companies that master this generation of technology in the world are roughly as follows: Jinyidi, Omron, Panasonic, Aintan. The third-generation electronic sphygmomanometer (G3-NIBPM) is characterized by only using an electronically controlled quick exhaust valve and -MWI technology (pressure simultaneous measurement technology). 4. The structure of the fourth-generation electronic blood pressure monitor (G4-NIBPM) The main components: integrated gas circuit Technology used: MWI technology (measured when pressurized) Measurement features: pressurize at a constant speed, and measure blood pressure during the pressurization process. Feature 1: The entire integrated air circuit can be scaled down so that the entire air circuit can be scaled down to occupy only part of the space of an ordinary watch; laying the foundation for a wearable watch-type blood pressure monitor (blood pressure watch). The fourth-generation electronic blood pressure monitor (G4-NIBPM) is characterized by an extremely compact structure, and the entire gas path is slightly reduced to occupy only part of the space of an ordinary watch. Suitable for the crowd Commonly used electronic sphygmomanometers (including commonly used medical mercury sphygmomanometers) are indirect methods to measure blood pressure. Compared with direct measurement methods, there are certain errors, which are usually between 5% and 20%. The indirect measurement method is not suitable for people whose blood pressure is too low or too high, especially for patients with hemorrhage, whose blood pressure is severely low. Indirect measurement may cause more than 40% errors and cause doctors to make wrong judgments. In addition, the wrist-type electronic blood pressure monitor has been widely used due to its convenient use. Especially in the cold winter, when the arm type electronic blood pressure monitor is not convenient to use. Due to the successful development of the fourth-generation electronic sphygmomanometer technology, a wearable watch-type sphygmomanometer (blood pressure watch) will allow blood pressure to be detected anytime, anywhere (anytime, anywhere). The finger sphygmomanometer, which was developed in Japan in the early years, proved to be unworkable before long. Therefore, the finger cuff type sphygmomanometer is not suitable for any people! Sphygmomanometer classification Wrist type electronic sphygmomanometer A kind of electronic sphygmomanometer. The size of the palm, the smaller the space between the shape and the wrist, the bowl belt is made of antibacterial materials, and the blood pressure and pulse rate are displayed digitally. Because the pressure measured by the wrist sphygmomanometer is the "pulse pressure value" of the wrist artery, it is particularly suitable for most middle-aged and elderly people, especially those with high blood viscosity, poor microcirculation, and patients with vascular sclerosis. In the crowd, there will be a big difference between the average value of multiple measurements with a wrist sphygmomanometer and an upper arm sphygmomanometer-a difference of ±1·3kPa (10mmHg) or more is very common. Therefore, for individuals who have purchased a wrist sphygmomanometer, it is recommended: Use it as a personal monitor-you can keep track of your own "blood pressure" changes at any time, but it must be clearly pointed out that what it measures is not what it is used to say. "Blood pressure value", but "wrist pulse pressure value". Precautions for use ⒈ Rest for a while before the measurement to eliminate the influence of tension and fatigue on blood pressure; ⒉The arm of the examinee should be at the same height as the position of the heart; ⒊The cuff is placed flat, and the tightness is suitable for inserting two fingers; ⒋Generally, it is enough to test continuously for 2~3 times, and take the lowest value as the blood pressure data for this time. Arm electronic sphygmomanometer The measurement method is similar to the traditional mercury sphygmomanometer. The brachial artery is measured. Because the armband is placed on the upper arm, its measurement stability is better than that of a wrist sphygmomanometer, and it is more suitable for older people, irregular heartbeats, diabetes-induced peripheral vascular aging, etc. The disadvantage for patients to use is that there is no convenient wrist-type electronic sphygmomanometer. Correct use method of arm electronic sphygmomanometer Sit for a few minutes, put your arm into the armband and bind it Take measurements with bare arms or wearing only thin clothes; The armband has a moderate binding strength, so it is better to fit a finger; The center of the armband is at the same height as the heart; The lower part of the armband is 1-2cm away from the elbow joint. Press the user key to start measurement automatically When measuring, relax the palm with the palm up; Keep calm and relax during the measurement; Do not speak or move your body during the measurement. The result shows, manual shutdown or automatic shutdown After the measurement is completed, the blood pressure value and pulse value will be displayed; In special circumstances, an arrhythmia prompt will appear; The data is automatically uploaded to the Boumi Zhixin health management platform; After the measurement is completed, press any key to shut down; If you forget to turn it off, the sphygmomanometer will automatically turn off in 60s Watch type sphygmomanometer Watch-type sphygmomanometers are blood pressure watches, which are the latest type of sphygmomanometers different from wrist-type electronic sphygmomanometers. The size is the same as that of ordinary watches, and the way to wear them is the same as that of ordinary watches. The body of the watch is usually located on the back of the hand. The body of the wrist electronic sphygmomanometer is usually located on the side of the palm of the hand. Voice electronic sphygmomanometer Overview: The voice electronic sphygmomanometer is based on the original electronic sphygmomanometer with a voice broadcast function, which solves the problem of the elderly who cannot see clearly and is more humane. Matters needing attention The bottom of the cuff should be 1 to 2 cm above the elbow socket of the arm Wrong cuff measurement results are different from time to time Mercury sphygmomanometers require users to have professional training and use it with a stethoscope, so it is not very convenient for families. Sometimes inaccurate measurement results are actually caused by improper use of patients. For example, some citizens do not know the correct position of wearing a blood pressure monitor cuff, so the results of each blood pressure measurement are different. In fact, whether it is a mercury sphygmomanometer or an electronic sphygmomanometer, the bottom of the cuff should be 1 to 2 cm above the elbow socket of the arm. Some patients wear the cuff too high or too low, and the pressure has changed when the blood flow passes through these places, and the measurement results are of course not accurate. In addition, some electronic sphygmomanometer cuffs use a range of 22 to 32 cm, but some users have arm circumferences that are larger or smaller than the applicable range of the cuff. As a result, their blood pressure measurement values may also be inaccurate. So be sure to configure a cuff of the right size and wear it in an accurate position. On the other hand, it is also important to fix a time for blood pressure measurement every day. Some people measure their blood pressure. You know, the change of human blood pressure within a day is relatively large. Strictly speaking, a person's blood pressure is different at every moment, and it also changes with the person's psychological state, time, season, temperature, and the measured location and body position. Therefore, the blood pressure measurement time should be fixed every day. The doctor suggested that the best time to measure blood pressure should be after getting up early in the morning, when the person is in a resting state, which can more truly reflect the blood pressure level.

A blood sampling needle is an instrument used to collect blood samples in the process of medical examination. It consists of a needle and a needle shaft. The needle is set on the head of the needle shaft. A sheath is slidably connected to the needle shaft. A return spring is arranged in between and the initial position of the sheath is located at the head of the needle and the needle shaft. Development History 1. The first generation: Willow needles Processed from a whole piece of metal sheet, the needle is 3~4cm long and resembles a willow leaf. The head has a fixed-length needle tip with a length of about 2~3mm. The bottom of the needle tip is enlarged to control the depth of the needle. The groove runs through the needle tip to the needle tail. The packaging is simple and easy to be contaminated. 2. The second generation: plastic molding needle It is formed by a plastic compression mold, and the needle tip is made of metal such as stainless steel. Each needle is equipped with a plastic needle cap, and the packaging is more independent. Take off the needle cap before use to prevent contamination. The small needle and proper operation can reduce the patient's pain and reduce the patient's psychological pressure; the price is low, and it can be used for one time. The common shortcomings of the first and second generations: the pain is strong, the size of the wound is mainly dependent on the experience and professional quality of the clinical laboratory staff, the patient`s wound is too close to the staff`s fingers or gloves, there is still the possibility of blood cross-contamination between patients. 3. The third generation: mechanical lancet Using mechanical devices, the needle adopts ejection device, which can almost completely pierce the skin accurately, quickly, with moderate depth and straight path, which greatly reduces the pain of the patient. Basically solved the problems of strong pain and large wounds in the previous two generations of blood collection needles. The appearance of this generation of lancets is pistol type, pen type, etc. 4. The fourth generation: laser blood sampling needle Using the powerful energy of the laser, it burns the tissue in an instant and penetrates the skin to form bleeding points. The wound formed by this blood sampling device is extremely small, and the depth can be adjusted according to the patient's skin condition (this can be achieved by adjusting the laser intensity). In addition, this blood sampling device has no actual physical contact with the patient. Even if tiny blood spots are ejected, blood cross-contamination can be completely eliminated by replacing the laser emitting head. It is a safer blood sampling device. Laser blood collection needles have different shapes, large and small, as large as a microscope, and as small as a cigarette case. They can be used for outpatient blood collection and bedside blood collection. It's just that during the blood collection process, the laser blood collection needle will make a crackling sound, and at the same time it will emit a faint smell of burnt flesh, which makes some patients feel uneasy. The classification and use of lancets 1. Split type Split blood collection needles are disposable blood collection needles commonly used clinically, which basically replace the syringe blood collection method used in the last century, and are often used in conjunction with disposable blood collection tubes. The structure is that a blood collection needle is connected to the needle seat at the end of the tube of the intravenous infusion needle. When in use, the blood collection needle needs to be rotated and fixed on the front end of the needle holder outer cylinder, and the vein puncture is carried out with the hand held to puncture the vein. After successful, the vacuum blood collection tube is inserted into the back cavity of the needle holder, so that the blood collection needle blade passes through The blood stopper is pierced into the rubber stopper of the vacuum tube, and the blood is sucked into the blood collection tube under the action of negative pressure. If necessary, repeat this process to achieve multi-tube blood collection; after blood collection, the venipuncture needle is pulled out to stop bleeding locally, the blood collection needle is removed from the needle holder, and the venipuncture needle is discarded in the waste box. Features: After the lancet is launched, the needle core will be locked, so that the lancet can only be used once, which can ensure the safety of the user; the design of the push-type launcher provides the user with the easiest operation; high-quality, ultra-sharp The three-sided needle design can quickly pierce the skin and reduce the pain of the patient; the needle models and piercing depths of various specifications are suitable for most blood collection needs. 2. Pen-type blood sampling needle Pen-type blood sampling needles are not used much in clinical practice. The structure is a penetrating needle tube with sharp cutting edges at both ends. The middle and lower section of the needle tube is fixed on the needle seat. The front end is called a venipuncture needle, and the back end is called a blood collection needle. The blood collection needle has a blood blocking sleeve and a needle tube on the surface. There is a protective sleeve at the end. In clinical practice, blood collection is usually used in conjunction with needle holders and disposable blood collection tubes. When in use, the blood collection needle is rotated and fixed to the front end of the outer cylinder of the needle holder to perform venipuncture. After success, insert the vacuum blood collection tube into the cavity at the rear end of the needle holder, so that the rear edge of the blood collection needle passes through the blood blocking sleeve and penetrates The rubber plug of the vacuum tube is pierced, and the blood is drawn into the blood collection tube under the action of negative pressure. Such repetition can realize the collection of multiple blood samples. 3. Arterial blood sampling needle Arterial blood sampling is of great significance for judging and treating hypoxemia. Arterial blood sampling is the basis for accurately judging hypoxemia. Features: The arterial blood gas syringe strictly fixes the needle to prevent the risk of loosening the needle during the whole process of collecting arterial blood samples. The high molecular density of the blood sampling syringe wall and the double-sealed needle plug effectively prevent the blood gas sample from gas exchange with the outside world. Before blood sampling, the amount of blood collected can be preset according to the needs of the test, so that the arterial puncture operation is safe and simple, and the waste of blood samples is avoided. The hole stone at the back of the syringe is designed to form a unique automatic exhaust device, which can quickly and safely exhaust the residual gas in the syringe under the action of arterial pressure, avoiding the interference of dead space gas on the arterial blood gas detection results Steps for usage: 1) Take out the arterial blood sampling needle from the sterile package. 2) Remove the cap of the arterial blood sampling needle and put it in a proper place. 3) Flip the needle cap outward. 4) Push the mandrel forward to the zero scale line and withdraw the preset to the required scale. 5) The arterial blood sampling needle is downward and the puncture is performed at an angle of 45° to 90°. 6) Fill the sample with the preset scale under arterial pressure. 7) After the sample is collected, immediately pull out the arterial lancet needle and press the puncture point with gauze for at least 5 minutes to prevent bleeding. Precautions for use: 1) Do not use the protective cap if it is loose or detached. 2) For personal safety, please do not reuse the lancet. 3) Do not share the same lancet with others to prevent cross-infection. 4) The problem of lancet fixation: the little finger presses the connecting tube or the tape sticks to one-third of the connecting tube. If conditions permit, the tip of the lancet should enter the blood vessel as much as possible. 5) Bullet tube problem: In order to prevent the tube from collapsing, hold the blood collection tube in one hand and the end of the blood collection needle in the other hand. 6) Bleeding problems: Use cotton swabs or post-needle stickers to gently press the puncture point to prevent bleeding. 7) Occasionally, the blood flow rate is very slow during use. It may be that the vacuum blood collection tube has insufficient negative pressure, the patient's blood is thick, the blood pressure is low, and the blood collection needle hole is blocked by the blood vessel wall.

Infrared Thermometer An infrared thermometer is a thermometer that infers the temperature from being measured from a portion of thermal radiation, sometimes called black body radiation, emitted by an object. They are sometimes called laser thermometers because lasers are used to help aim thermometers, or non-contact thermometers or temperature guns, to describe a device's ability to measure temperature from a distance. By knowing the infrared energy emitted by an object and its emissivity, the temperature of an object can often be determined within a certain range of its actual temperature. Infrared thermometers are a subset of devices called "thermal radiation thermometers." Sometimes, especially near ambient temperature, readings can be erroneous due to reflections of radiation from a hotter object (even a person holding the instrument) rather than the object being measured, as well as erroneously assumed emissivity. The design consists primarily of a lens to focus infrared thermal radiation onto a detector, which converts the radiant power into an electrical signal that can be displayed in temperature units after compensating for ambient temperature. This allows the temperature to be measured from a distance without touching the object to be measured. Non-contact infrared thermometers can be used to measure temperature in situations where thermocouples or other probe-type sensors cannot be used or cannot produce accurate data for various reasons Example of use Some typical situations are when the object being measured is moving; the object is surrounded by an electromagnetic field, such as induction heating; the object is contained in a vacuum or other controlled atmosphere; or in applications that require fast response, an accurate surface temperature or high object temperature is required At the recommended point of use for the contact sensor, or contact with the sensor can damage the object or the sensor, or introduce significant temperature gradients across the surface of the object. Infrared thermometers can be used to provide a variety of temperature monitoring functions. Some examples provided include cloud detection for remote telescope operation, checking the temperature and hot spots of mechanical or electrical equipment, measuring the temperature of a hospital patient without touching the patient, checking heater or oven temperature, for calibration and control, Check for hot spots in firefighting, monitor materials involved in heating or cooling processes, and measure the temperature of volcanoes. During epidemics of fever-causing diseases such as SARS coronavirus and Ebola virus disease, infrared thermometers have been used to check arriving passengers for fever without causing harmful transmission among subjects. In 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic swept the world, infrared thermometers were used to take people's temperatures and deny them access to potential sites of transmission if they showed signs of fever. Public health agencies such as the FDA publish rules in the United States to guarantee accuracy and consistency in infrared thermometers. There are a variety of infrared temperature sensing devices available for portable and handheld as well as fixed installations. Infrared Pyrometer The most common infrared thermometers are spot infrared thermometers or infrared thermometers, which measure the temperature at a point on a surface (actually a relatively small area determined by the D:S ratio). These typically project a visible red dot in the center of the area being measured to identify the point being measured, but do not participate in the measurement. The actual angular area that is measured varies from instrument to instrument and is not limited to visible light spots. Associated equipment, although not strictly a thermometer, includes an infrared scanning system and an infrared thermal imager. Infrared scanning systems scan larger areas, usually using a spot thermometer that is essentially pointed at a rotating mirror. These devices are widely used in manufacturing involving conveyor or "web" processes, such as large sheets of glass or metal leaving ovens, fabrics and paper, or continuous piles of material along conveyor belts. Infrared cameras, or thermal imaging cameras, are essentially infrared radiation thermometers that measure temperatures at multiple points over a relatively large area, producing a two-dimensional image, called a thermogram, where each pixel represents a temperature. This technique requires more processor and software than spot or scanning thermometers and is used to monitor large areas. Typical applications include perimeter monitoring used by military or security personnel, inspection/process quality monitoring of manufacturing processes, and hot or cold spot monitoring of equipment or enclosed spaces for safety and efficiency maintenance purposes.

Introduction Injection is the most commonly used technical means in medical treatment, prevention and health care services, and safe injection is one of the basic paths and fundamental guarantees to ensure patient safety and occupational safety of medical staff; unsafe injection has become a serious public health safety problem, and the development of China is particularly prominent. Developing and transitioning countries carry out at least 16 billion injections every year. A large medical country like my country is carrying out different injections all the time. As a medical staff, you have mastered the principle of safe injection. ? 1. Strictly implement the inspection system (1) Three checks and seven pairs The three inspections refer to: inspection before operation, inspection during operation, and inspection after operation. The seven pairs refer to: check the bed number, check the name, check the drug name, check the dosage, check the time, check the concentration and check the method. (2) Check the quality of drugs Before dispensing, check the liquid and tablet for deterioration; whether the sealed aluminum cover is loose; whether the infusion bag is leaking; whether the liquid is turbid and flocculent. (3) Validity period If there are expired drugs, expiration dates and batch numbers that do not meet the requirements or the labels are unclear, they should not be used. (4) Are the ampoules and sealed bottles intact and free of cracks? (5) Incompatibility. 2. Strictly abide by the principle of aseptic operation (1) Wash hands, wear masks, and clean clothes and hats before injection; (2) The plunger and needle of the syringe should be kept sterile; (3) The injection site is sterilized as required (with the injection point as the center, inside and outside, with a diameter of 125px or more); (4) The liquid medicine should be temporarily extracted at the specified time and injected immediately. 3. Choose the right syringe and needle (1) Choose according to the amount of liquid, viscosity and irritation; (2) The syringe should be complete without cracks, the needle should be sharp, the model should be suitable, and there should be no hook or bend; (3) The connection between the syringe and the needle must be tight; (4) The packaging of the disposable syringe should be sealed within the validity period. 4. Choose the right injection site (1) Avoid the neurovascular, inflammation, induration, scars and skin diseases; (2) For patients who need long-term injection, the injection site should be changed frequently; (3) When intravenous injection, the selected blood vessel should be from the distal end to the proximal end. 5. Exhaust the air (1) Prevent air from entering blood vessels to form air emboli; (2) Prevent the waste of liquid medicine. 6. Check blood return (1) After the needle is inserted, before injecting the liquid medicine, twitch the piston to check whether there is blood returning; (2) Before the arterial and intravenous injection, the blood must be seen before the liquid can be injected; (3) There is no subcutaneous or intradermal blood return. 7. Master the appropriate needle depth (1) Choose according to the injection method; (2) The needle stem should not be completely pierced into the skin. 8. Master painless techniques (1) Take a comfortable position to relax the muscles and facilitate needle insertion; (2) Relieve the patient's ideological concerns and distract attention; (3) When the needle is inserted, two fast and one slow are achieved, and the speed of pushing the medicine is uniform; (4) For highly irritating drugs, the needle should be injected deeply; the weakly irritating drugs should be injected first. 9. Strictly implement the disinfection and isolation system to prevent cross infection (1) One person for disinfection, one pillow for one person, and one tourniquet for one person; (2) After use, the syringes and needles should be soaked and disinfected before disposal.

Non-woven fabrics, also known as non-woven fabrics, needle-punched cotton, needle-punched non-woven fabrics, etc., are made of polyester fiber, polyester fiber (referred to as: PET) material, and are made by acupuncture process. hardness, etc. Non-woven fabrics are moisture-proof, breathable, flexible, thin, flame-retardant, non-toxic, tasteless, inexpensive, and recyclable. Can be used in different industries, such as sound insulation, heat insulation, heaters, masks, clothing, medical, filling materials, etc. Features The non-woven fabric has no warp and weft threads, so it is very convenient to cut and sew, and it is light and easy to shape. Because it is a fabric that does not require spinning or weaving, it just orients or randomly arranges textile staple fibers or filaments to form a web structure, and then uses mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods to reinforce it. It is not interwoven and braided by yarns one by one, but the fibers are directly bonded together by physical methods, so when you get the sticky scale in your clothes, you will find that, You can't get a single thread out. Nonwovens break through the traditional textile principles, and have the characteristics of short process flow, fast production rate, high output, low cost, wide application, and many sources of raw materials. The relationship between non-woven fabrics and spunbond fabrics Spunbond Nonwoven Spunbond and non-woven fabrics are subordinate. There are many production processes for the manufacture of non-woven fabrics, of which spunbond is one of the non-woven production processes (including spunbond, meltblown, hot rolling, spunlace, most of which are currently on the market). Nonwovens produced by the spunbond method) According to the composition of non-woven fabrics, there are polyester, polypropylene, nylon, spandex, acrylic, etc.; different components will have completely different styles of non-woven fabrics. The spunbond fabric usually refers to polyester spunbond and polypropylene spunbond; and the styles of these two kinds of fabrics are very similar, and can only be judged by high temperature test. advantage: 1. Light weight: Polypropylene resin is used as the main raw material, with a specific gravity of only 0.9, only three-fifths of cotton, with fluffy and good hand feeling. 2. Soft: It is composed of fine fibers (2-3D) and is formed by light point-like hot melt bonding. The finished product is moderately soft and comfortable. Polypropylene non-woven fabric 3. Water repellency and breathability: Polypropylene chips do not absorb water, have zero moisture content, and the finished product has good water repellency. It is composed of 100% fiber, which is porous and has good air permeability. It is easy to keep the cloth surface dry and easy to wash. 4. It can purify the air and use the advantages of small holes to keep bacteria and viruses out. 5. Non-toxic and non-irritating: The product is produced with FDA-compliant food-grade raw materials, does not contain other chemical ingredients, has stable performance, is non-toxic, has no peculiar smell, and does not irritate the skin. 6. Antibacterial and anti-chemical agents: Polypropylene is a chemically passive substance, not moth-eaten, and can isolate the erosion of bacteria and insects in the liquid; antibacterial, alkali corrosion, and finished products do not affect the strength due to erosion. 7. Antibacterial. The product is water-repellent, not moldy, and can isolate the erosion of bacteria and insects in the liquid, and is not moldy. 8. Good physical properties. It is made of polypropylene spun directly into a mesh and thermally bonded. The strength of the product is better than that of ordinary staple fiber products. The strength is non-directional, and the vertical and horizontal strengths are similar. 9. In terms of environmental protection, the raw material of most of the non-woven fabrics used is polypropylene, while the raw material of plastic bags is polyethylene. Although the two substances have similar names, they are very different in chemical structure. The chemical molecular structure of polyethylene has strong stability and is extremely difficult to degrade, so it takes 300 years for plastic bags to decompose; while the chemical structure of polypropylene is not strong, the molecular chain can be easily broken, so it can be effectively degraded , and enter the next environmental cycle in a non-toxic form, a non-woven shopping bag can be completely decomposed within 90 days. Moreover, non-woven shopping bags can be reused more than 10 times, and the pollution to the environment after disposal is only 10% of that of plastic bags. shortcoming: 1. Compared with textile cloth, the strength and durability are poor. 2. Can't be washed like other fabrics. 3. The fibers are arranged in a certain direction, so it is easy to split at right angles, etc. Therefore, the improvement of the production method is mainly focused on the improvement of preventing splitting.

Alcohol wipes mainly play a role in disinfection and sterilization. It is very practical to prepare a few packs at any time. When choosing alcohol disinfectant wipes, you need to consider the following points: 1. Alcohol concentration You can preliminarily judge the alcohol concentration of the wipes by looking at the outer packaging and instructions. At present, 75% alcohol is mainly used in the market, which can achieve a better bactericidal effect. There are also some disinfectant wipes that are compounded with ethanol and other fungicides, which greatly improves the sterilization effect and sterilization speed through their synergistic properties. The compound disinfectant contains a variety of ingredients, and the content ratio of each single ingredient is relatively reduced, so the side effects such as toxicity and irritation to humans are also less. Generally, the ethanol content of this disinfectant wipe is less than 75%, but the sterilization effect is not weak. 2. Types of alcohol The alcohol in alcohol disinfectant wipes mainly comes from medical alcohol. The concentration of edible alcohol is low, and the disinfection effect is unsatisfactory; industrial alcohol contains a certain amount of methanol, aldehydes, organic acids and other impurities, which is highly toxic and cannot be used for human disinfection. Serious poisoning can lead to blindness and even death. 3. With or without nourishing ingredients Alcohol can cause dry hands and feet, and moisturizing wipes can make up for this shortcoming. But the nourishing ingredients are also different, there are mainly chemical ingredients, and there are also plant extracts, such as shea butter essence, chamomile extract and so on. In contrast, plant extracts are used as nourishing ingredients, and they are not harmful to the human body, but if chemical additives are used to achieve moisturizing effect, such wet wipes will have a greater impact on the skin if used for a long time. Therefore, it is best to choose wet wipes with natural nourishing ingredients, or wet wipes without additives. 4. Number of wet wipes Generally, 20~40 is better, to avoid alcohol volatilization after using for a long time, so the wipes will fail. 5. Wet wipes packaging Alcohol is very volatile. If the packaging of wet wipes is not tight enough, after the active ingredients evaporate, it is difficult for the wet wipes to achieve the effect of sterilization and disinfection. It is recommended to choose a package with a sealed cover + open self-adhesive, which has good sealing and can minimize the volatilization of wet wipes.

Alcohol wipes are used for disinfection and sterilization. You can wipe your hands, face, and keep local cleanliness to avoid infection. Alcohol has a disinfecting effect, and there will be no infection. It belongs to disinfection wipes. Wet wipes are wet paper towels used to wipe the skin. Wet wipes on the market can be roughly divided into two categories. One is disinfected by itself, but cannot disinfect other items. It contains skin care ingredients and can only be used for skin moisturizing. Maintenance wipes; the other type is disinfection wipes that are not only disinfected themselves, but also can disinfect other items. They can be used for disinfection or sterilization of skin abrasions, scratches, etc. Indicates ingredients for disinfection or sterilization. Wet wipes classification: 1. According to raw materials, wet wipes are divided into two types: one is wet strength paper and the other is non-woven fabric. Most of the wet wipes are made of non-woven fabric. If subdivided, most of the raw non-woven fabrics are made of water. Thorn; Wet wipes are classified in terms of raw materials, which can be divided into two types: polyester and cotton. Polyester feels hard and smooth, while cotton feels soft. 2. According to the process of wet wipes, it can be divided into cross-laying and forward-laying, and the tensile force of cross-laying is more uniform in all directions. 3. According to the user population, it can be divided into adult wipes and baby wipes. Baby wipes have higher requirements and cannot add alcohol, essence, stimulants, fluorescent agents, etc.

The silicone gel scar dressing is made of polyurethane film (PU film) or polyurethane film (PU) foam coated with silicone gel and then compounded with release paper or isolation film. Glassine paper or CCK paper is used as the release paper. The isolation film is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film or (polyethylene terephthalate, the peel strength of the dressing should not be less than 0.3N/2.5cm. Water vapor transmission rate ≥30g/mi/24h/379Co The tensile strength of the dressing should be no less than 5N/cm2. The tensile strain at break of the dressing should be no less than 200%. The heavy metal content of the dressing should be no more than 1.0μg/g, and the pH of the silicone gel layer leaching solution in the dressing is relatively blank. The absolute value of the value should not be greater than 1.5o. The initial contamination of the dressing should be ≤100cfu/g, and no pathogenic bacteria should be detected. This product is suitable for adjuvant treatment and prevention of scars. [Scope of application] Silicone gel scar dressing is suitable for adjuvant treatment and prevention of scars. [Instructions] 1. Clean and dry the scar area before use. 2. According to the size and shape of the scar, select the appropriate size product, tear off the inner packaging, carefully uncover the release paper or film attached to the adhesive, and paste the adhesive layer on the scar. 3. In order to adapt to the skin, it is recommended to use it for 2-4 hours on the first day of use, and 4 hours a day thereafter, and it can be gradually increased to 24 hours for application. 4. Each course of treatment lasts for two months, and those with severe scars continue to apply for three months to six months. 5. This product is a non-sterile, reusable product, and can be pasted until it is non-sticky. [Precautions] 1. After the burn wound has healed, early scars must be used with caution under the guidance of a doctor. 2. Only for external use. 3. Do not use oxidizer cleaning fluids, such as hypochlorous acid solution and hydrogen peroxide solution. 4. The dressing can be sterilized by ethylene oxide, but not by irradiation. [Contraindications] 1. Use with caution if you are allergic to silicone gel. 2. It is forbidden for skin inflammation or wounds that have not healed completely.

Stomatological surgical instruments are the general term for a class of instruments used for oral treatment and restoration. It is mainly divided into oral knives, chisels, oral scissors, oral forceps, oral forceps, clamps, oral hooks, needles and other instruments. Classification 1. Oral knife and chisel A dental scalpel consists of a blade and a handle. The working end is a single-edged blade of various shapes and sizes, usually made of stainless steel, and can be reused. Cutting is mainly performed in dental surgery. Common ones are gum knife, water gate knife, cement powder adjustment knife, and amalgam carving knife. A dental chisel is a kind of cutting tool, which is composed of a handle and a cutter head. The cutter head is a beveled sharp edge. reusable. It is used to cut bone or cut off bone connections during oral surgery. Such as dental bone chisels, dental enamel chisels, impacted dental bone chisels. 2. Dental Scissors Composed of a pair of blades connected in the middle, with a ring-shaped handle, usually made of stainless steel. reusable. Used for cutting oral tissue in dental surgery. There are mainly full crown scissors and gum scissors. 3. Oral forceps Oral forceps are composed of a forceps beak, a joint and a forceps handle, and are usually made of stainless steel. reusable. Used for fixation, hemostasis, cutting and other operations in dental surgery. There are mainly alveolar rongeurs, extraction forceps, tongue forceps, cutting forceps, and enlarged forceps. 4. Tweezers and clamps for oral cavity Dental forceps consists of a pair of superimposed blades, usually made of stainless steel. reusable. It is used for holding during dental examination and treatment. There are mainly dental forceps, residual root forceps, and long forceps. Oral clamps are instruments that fix dental materials on the corresponding positions of teeth and prepare for tooth restoration. They are usually made of stainless steel. reusable. The common one is the formed sheet clamp. 5. Dental hooks and needles The oral hook is composed of a handle and a tip. The tip is curved and is used to open the soft tissue of the oral cavity to expose more treatment parts and make the operation more convenient. There are mainly jaw tissue retractors and mouth angle retractors. The oral needle is composed of a handle and a needle body, and is a needle-shaped instrument for processing the inside of the root canal. According to the application, the needle body is usually needle-shaped, hook-shaped or round-headed, and can be reused. It can be used to detect the lesions on the tooth surface, gums and other parts, and treat the tooth and pulp. There are mainly dental probes, abscess probes, and periodontal pocket probes. 6. Other equipment Other equipment categories mainly include crown remover, picking device, dental curette, curette, curette, dental file, dental hammer, gingivitis irrigator, mouth mirror, periosteal separator, gingival separator, Root canal fillers, cement fillers, silver amalgam fillers, polishers, dental elevators, T-shaped dental elevators, apical elevators, pulp extraction needle handles, water gun heads, hot air gun heads, blowpipes, occlusal Applicator, impression tray, molar belt loop in place, ligation rod, belt loop fader, arch wire former, measuring instrument, disposable dental irrigation needle, amalgam conveyor. Tooth elevator, T-shaped dental elevator, and apical elevator are used for tooth extraction or root extraction. They are mainly used to pry loose teeth, pry away tooth roots, residual roots, broken root tips, etc. The polishing device is a manual instrument used to remove excess repair materials and can be reused. Mainly used to smooth the rough surface of dental restorations. Root canal fillers, cement fillers, and amalgam fillers are manual instruments with tapered working parts, circular cross-sections and flat ends. It is mainly used to press the filling material into the target position. The periosteal separator and gingival separator are mainly composed of a handle and a head rod, which can be reused. It is used to separate the soft tissues of the designated part in oral surgery. The mouth mirror is mainly composed of a handle, a mirror with or without a connecting rod, and can be reused. Mainly used for oral inspection. The gingivitis irrigator is a manual instrument for rinsing the gums and oral cavity and can be reused. Dental files and dental hammers are manual dental instruments. The distal working end is a thin ridge-like cutting surface of various shapes, which can be reused and is mainly used for cutting and smoothing in dental treatment. The scaler and the scaler are composed of a working end and a handle. There are two types of single-head and double-head. They can be reused to clean the surface of teeth. The dental curette consists of a handle and a round spoon-shaped tip. The shape of its working end is a sharpened and blunt tip spoon. The cross-section is semicircular. It is usually made of stainless steel and can be reused. It is used to pry away residual roots or broken root tips and scrape soft tissues in oral surgery. The picker is a manual instrument composed of a handle and two working ends. It is usually made of stainless steel and can be reused. It is used to excavate the crown pulp and gingival necrosis during the treatment of dental pulp. The crown remover consists of a head and a handle, usually made of stainless steel, and can be reused. Used to remove metal crowns on teeth. The disposable dental flushing needle is composed of a needle seat, a connecting part, a needle tube, and a sheath, and is matched with a flushing device for dental oral flushing. The amalgam conveyor is used to collect and store materials in a plastic state for delivery to dental instruments that are ready to fill the cavity. reusable. Recycling and cleaning 1. Recycling Doctors or assistants should promptly decontaminate reusable medical instruments and other equipment after diagnosis and treatment, and place them in closed containers for centralized recovery in time. If it cannot be cleaned immediately, the instruments should be moisturized with water or enzymatic detergent in a suitable container to prevent the dirt from drying out and making it difficult to clean. In the process of transporting the equipment to the decontamination area, use a covered container to carry the equipment. Loose contaminated equipment should be summarized and minimized. Contaminated equipment should not be counted in the clinic. Recycling tools should be cleaned and disinfected after each use, and dried for later use. 2. Cleaning The cleaning process includes rinsing, washing, rinsing and final rinsing. There are two methods of mechanical cleaning and manual cleaning. Detachable instruments should be separated and cleaned. Mechanical cleaning is suitable for the cleaning of conventional instruments, which can reduce the damage of cleaning personnel caused by contaminated instruments or sharps; ultrasonic cleaning is preferred for small dental instruments and instruments with complex structures; the manufacturer's instructions should be followed. Manual cleaning is suitable for handling delicate and complex instruments, and also for preliminary treatment of instruments with heavy organic contamination. disinfect 1. Disinfection The cleaned instruments should be disinfected. Mechanical thermal disinfection is preferred. It is recommended that the temperature of damp heat disinfection should be ≥90℃, the disinfection time of instruments used directly after disinfection should be ≥5 min, and the disinfection time of instruments that must continue to be sterilized after disinfection should be ≥1 min. 2. Dry The sterilized instruments need to be dried, and drying equipment is the first choice. Lumen instruments can be dried with an air gun or with a sterile low-fiber wiping cloth. Don't wait for natural drying. Sterilize 1. Packaging Packaging is an important part of the sterilization process. Items that need to be sterilized must be packaged, and only packaged sterilized items can be called sterile items; packaging enables storage It's easy. Package materials include: paper, plastic, disposable non-woven fabrics and containers. If the paper is not damaged, contamination can be prevented, it can be kept sterile for a long time, and it can also be used as a sterile area during diagnosis and treatment, and used to wrap instruments after operation. 2. Sterilization Sterilization can be achieved by physical or chemical methods. Including heat sterilization, radiation sterilization and other physical sterilization methods, as well as the use of ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide and other chemical sterilization agents in accordance with the prescribed procedures for sterilization methods. Pressure steam sterilization is commonly used in dentistry Store Items should be stored separately after sterilization. The items should be relatively fixed and marked. Items used directly after disinfection should be stored in a dry and special shelf. The validity period of sterile items packaged in dental instrument boxes is recommended to be 7 days. After disinfection or sterilization, medium and low-risk oral instruments should be stored in clean and dry containers, and the validity period should not exceed 7 days. The validity period of sterile articles packaged in medical disposable paper bags is 1 month; the validity period of sterile articles packaged in disposable medical crepe paper, medical non-woven fabrics, disposable paper-plastic bags, and rigid containers should be 6 months. Keep in storage The environment is dry and the temperature is suitable.

Nasal oxygen tube is a medical product made of soft polyvinyl chloride and silicone rubber. It is composed of bell mouth, nasal congestion, and head. composition This product is made of soft polyvinyl chloride and silicone rubber. The nasal oxygen tube is divided into double nose type, head ring type (large, medium and small), earring type (large, medium and small), single nose type, pediatric type, and Infant type, consisting of bell mouth, nasal congestion, head ring, tee, adjusting buckle, nasal catheter, connecting catheter, and two-way. Infant type connecting catheter and nasal catheter can be connected or used as an option. Scope of use This product is connected to the oxygen delivery system for the human body to inhale oxygen Instructions When using, open the small package, connect the horn end of the nasal oxygen tube to the oxygen inhalation device, hang the headband or earrings on the head or ears, and plug the nasal congestion into the nostril to inhale oxygen

Butterfly Needle Applications The butterfly needle is one of the most common, versatile, and popular medical devices used across various medical and healthcare professions. Here, we`ll take a closer look at the butterfly needle and explore its many uses, technical advances, and considerations in the routine use of these devices. The butterfly needle is one of the most common, versatile, and popular medical devices used across various medical and healthcare professions. Butterfly needles are uniquely designed devices that are used for drawing blood. Some butterfly needles can also be used for infusion of medications intravenously. The term [butterfly needle" comes from the unique wing-like designs that flank the needle itself. Here, we`ll take a closer look at the butterfly needle and explore its many uses, technical advances, and considerations in the routine use of these devices. It`s possible to find butterfly needles in workplaces across the medical spectrum. Doctors, nurses, medical researchers, laboratorians, and, of course, phlebotomists all make use of butterfly needles on a regular basis. Butterfly needles are most often associated with the practice of phlebotomy –– typically, the withdrawal of a blood sample for the purpose of laboratory testing. In addition, they can also be used to transfer medications intravenously –– particularly in the pediatric population or when a patient cannot take medicine orally. Butterfly needles are available with options in tubing length, needle gauge and adapters for a variety of applications. Butterfly Needle Benefits & Advantages Butterfly needles are one of the most widely used types of needle by hospital staff. There are several reasons why this is the case. First, the design of the butterfly needle allows for easy manipulation. Many healthcare workers find it easier to use a butterfly needle to draw blood than other devices. Second, because healthcare workers feel more comfortable with butterfly needles –– and because butterfly needles are available with smaller gauges –– they are considered a good option for drawing blood from patients with small or hard-to-access veins. Third, butterfly needles are less likely to cause[1] [2] nerve injury and similar complications given their shorter length relative to other needle types, according to this report. In summation, butterfly needles are often favored by both healthcare workers and patients. Butterfly Needles & Needlestick Injuries Though butterfly needles are popular, there are a few potential considerations in their routine use. Like any needle, butterfly needles carry the risk of percutaneous injury. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that each year 385,000 needlestick injuries (NSIs) and other sharps-related injuries are sustained by hospital-based healthcare personnel. Unfortunately, the risks and costs associated with NSIs and blood exposure are serious and real. There are direct costs associated with the care and treatment for healthcare personnel that sustain injuries and there are indirect costs associated with the emotional toll of possible exposure. One study1 conducted in two hospitals observed that healthcare personnel who reported a sharps-related injury were willing to pay a median amount of $850 in order to avoid a sharps injury; this amount increased to over $1000 when adjusted for patient risk status and working with an uncooperative patient at the time of injury. Study investigators concluded that in order to avoid the anxiety and distress induced by NSIs, healthcare personnel were willing to pay amounts similar to the costs of post-exposure evaluation. Therefore, there is certainly a financial and emotional burden to consider with any needle-containing device. With that being said, the added safety components of newer butterfly needles have significantly reduced the possibility of needlestick injuries for healthcare workers. Butterfly needles, like the VACUETTE® EVOPROTECT, are now equipped with mechanisms that provide semi-automatic retraction of the needle from the vein, which minimizes the risk of needlestick injury. According to a study2 based in France, safety-engineered devices with a semi-automatic safety feature are more effective at preventing NSIs than devices with a manually activated mechanisms. Researchers noted semi-automatic safety devices were involved in 1.18 NSIs per 100,000 purchased. In contrast, devices with a manually activated toppling shield accounted for 2.94 NSIs per 100,000 purchased, and devices with a manually activated sliding shield were involved in 5.20 NSIs per 100,000. Many of the incidents documented in the study occurred during activation of the safety feature or were attributed to failure to appropriately activate it. The authors concluded that devices with semi-automatic features were particularly effective at preventing NSIs during activation. Semi-automatic devices help to lower the risk during these phases of application accounting for just 3 NSIs during activation in the course of the study research. Manually activated devices were associated with significantly more injuries in part because they rely on the user to adhere to manufacturer instructions for proper activation. Though the introduction of safety engineered devices has had a considerable impact on the occurrence of NSIs, products like GBO`s VACUETTE® EVOPROTECT that utilize a semi-automatic safety feature reduce the risk of injuries associated with winged devices even further.

1. Wearing order: Preparation: In the presence of a trained supervisor, check that all personal protective equipment is complete, intact, and of appropriate size. Remove personal items such as jewelry, watches, mobile phones, etc. Arrange your hair, take off your jacket (if necessary), and change your work shoes or rubber boots. Lay a slip sheet for putting on and taking off protective equipment. Step 1: Hand hygiene (seven-step hand washing demonstration: inner, outer, clip, bow, big, stand, wrist); Step 2: Wear work clothes and disposable work caps; Step 3: Wear a medical protective N95 mask and do an air tightness check; Step 4: Wear inner gloves (check the air tightness of the gloves); Step 5: Wear protective clothing (the cuffs of the protective clothing cover the cuffs of the inner gloves, and the trouser legs of the protective clothing cover the outside of the rubber boots); Step 6: Wear waterproof boot covers; Step 7: Wear goggles; Step 8: Wear outer gloves (cover the cuffs of protective clothing or outer waterproof isolation clothing); Step 9: Supervisors assist in checking and confirming the wearing effect, ensuring that there is no exposed hair, skin and clothing, and will not affect the diagnosis and treatment activities. 2. Take off sequence: When taking off personal protective equipment, a trained supervisor must be present. The supervisor should wear personal protective equipment (including at least protective clothing or gown, mask, protective face screen or protective glasses and gloves, etc.) to assess the contamination of personal protective equipment , Comparing to the removal sequence table, verbally prompt each removal sequence, and if necessary, assist medical staff in removing equipment and timely disinfection of gloves. Step 1: Wipe disinfection when there are visible contaminants on the outer layer of personal protective equipment; Step 2: Disinfect outer gloves; Step 3: Take off the waterproof boot cover and sterilize the outer gloves (after taking off the waterproof boot cover, stand on the pad sheet); Step 4: Take off the goggles or face screen, and disinfect the outer gloves; Step 5: Untie the adhesive of the protective clothing, disinfect the outer gloves, take off the outer gloves, and disinfect the inner gloves; Step 6: Take off protective clothing and disinfect inner gloves; Step 7: Take off the inner gloves, disinfect your hands, and replace with new inner gloves; Step 8: Take off the medical protective mask and disposable work cap, and disinfect the inner gloves; Step 9: Disinfect and replace work shoes or rubber boots, and disinfect inner gloves; Step 10: Take off the inner gloves and disinfect your hands; Step 11: Take off work clothes, wash and disinfect hands; Step 12: The supervisor and the staff will evaluate the removal process. If the skin or mucous membrane may be contaminated, it will be disinfected in time, and report to the superior department. If necessary, conduct centralized isolation medical observation; Step 13: Change back to personal clothes, and take a shower if possible.

Studies have shown that the prefilled syringe market will grow at a rate of 12.8% per year. Prefilled syringes are not a new technology. Most of the previous applications were widely used in the field of insulin and human auxin administration. According to a study by the US medical device and medical technology company Becton Dickinson and a consulting company, it is expected that the prefilled syringe market will grow at a rate of 12.8% per year. In 2006, the sales volume of prefilled syringes was about 1.4 billion. In 2010, sales are expected to exceed 2.4 billion. It has several outstanding advantages: no cross infection during use, convenient use by medical staff, full use of some high-grade drugs, no residual liquid, suitable for self-injection in the field. Prefilled syringes are used in a wide range of applications, such as multiple sclerosis, infertility, osteoporosis, hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, anemia, and hemophilia. The patient's needs are the real driving force behind the development of prefilled syringes. It is a time-consuming task to take medicine from a vial into a syringe, and people who lack adequate training are prone to error. In addition, some diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis are often difficult, even unable to hold the vial and measure the exact dose. Prefilled syringes can significantly reduce overfilling of the product. With a prefilled syringe, you can save 10%, 15%, and sometimes even 20% of the drug substance. Some manufacturers who have changed vials to prefilled syringes have also reduced the production of APIs because the new formulations no longer require as many APIs. Studies have shown that the dose in a prefilled syringe can be 23% higher than a vial because there is less drug loss during transfer from the vial to the syringe. Do you think the prefilled syringe market will continue to grow? Please state your opinion.

Infrared clinical thermometers use infrared rays to measure body temperature, which can be divided into contact and non-contact types. Infrared thermometers are relatively safe and accurate for temperature measurement, and are suitable for use by the elderly, children, hospitals and families. Definition Infrared thermometer is a kind of measuring instrument that uses the principle of radiation to measure the body temperature of the human body. It uses infrared sensors to absorb the infrared radiation of the human body to sense the body temperature of the human body. working principle The infrared heat radiation of the human body is focused on the detector, and the detector converts the radiation power into an electrical signal, which can be displayed in Celsius (or Fahrenheit) after being compensated for the ambient temperature. Basic structure 1. Contact infrared thermometer. Take an ear thermometer as an example, which is mainly composed of a housing, a temperature probe, a temperature sensor, a PCB circuit, a liquid crystal display, a buzzer, and a battery. 2. Non-contact infrared thermometer. Taking the forehead thermometer as an example, it is mainly composed of an infrared probe assembly, a main circuit board assembly, an LCD display assembly, a housing assembly, a buzzer, and a battery. Classification Infrared thermometers are mainly divided into contact infrared thermometers and non-contact infrared thermometers. 1. Contact infrared thermometer. An ear thermometer is commonly used. Gently straighten the ear canal when using it, insert the temperature measuring head into the ear canal, press the upper end of the temperature measurement for one second, and you can read the accuracy to one decimal place from the LCD screen Accurate body temperature, safe and secure, replace the protective rubber cover when using it to avoid bacterial infection, and it is safe even if the whole family shares it. 2. Non-contact infrared thermometer. The most common is the forehead thermometer, which can measure the temperature of the human body. Just point the probe at the forehead and press the measurement button, and the measurement data can be obtained in only a few seconds, which is very suitable for use by patients with acute and serious illness, the elderly, infants and young children. However, in the early stage of use, users may get several different measurement data because they are not familiar with this operation mode. Generally speaking, the measured maximum value is the desired data. The user will be more satisfied with this kind of thermometer after being familiar with it. Instructions 1.Contact infrared thermometer. Take the ear thermometer as an example: 1) Boot 2) Gently pull the auricle to straighten the ear canal, fix the head, insert the sensor into the ear hole and align the eardrum, and start temperature measurement. Note that when measuring, the ear thermometer sensor should be inserted into the ear hole in the direction of the eardrum. If the eardrum is not aligned, the temperature measured will be lower than the actual body temperature. 3) The screen displays the ear temperature indicator, record the value, and the temperature measurement is over. 2. Non-contact infrared thermometer. Take the forehead temperature gun as an example: 1) Boot 2) Point the infrared detector to the center of the forehead-above the center of the eyebrow and keep it vertical. The measuring part cannot be covered by hair. If there is sweat, it should be wiped dry. The distance from the forehead is recommended to be about 3-5cm. 3) The body temperature is displayed on the screen, the value is recorded, and the temperature measurement is over. Pros and cons The advantages of infrared thermometers are that it is convenient, simple, fast, and quite accurate to collect body temperature. It is very suitable for use by patients with acute and serious illness, the elderly, infants and young children. The disadvantage is that it is easily affected by the ambient temperature, and the error is relatively large in this case Precautions for use 1. Use ear thermometers. People with ear diseases such as otitis externa and otitis media should not use it. 2. Do not use ear thermometers when the ear holes are wet after swimming or bathing. 3. When the person under test comes from a place where the temperature is different from the temperature of the environment, he should stay in the measurement environment for at least 5 minutes, and measure after the temperature is consistent with the environment. 4. After a fever patient sweats on the forehead, using cold compresses and other cooling measures, the measurement result will be lower, and temperature measurement in this case should be avoided. 5. It cannot be measured in places with large air currents such as the entrance and exit of fans and air conditioners. 6. Can not be used in direct sunlight. 7. It is recommended to measure about 3 times during measurement, and the interval between each measurement is 3-5 seconds, whichever is the most displayed set of data Daily care 1. Dirty outside: Wipe the dirty area with a clean soft cloth dampened with water, or wipe with a cotton swab dipped in medical alcohol. Wiping with medical alcohol can also have the effect of sterilization and disinfection. Pay attention to not too much water or alcohol, so as not to flow into the inside and cause damage to the product. 2. Internal dirt: The internal infrared detector is an important device, do not touch or press it with your fingers or other objects, otherwise it will affect the accuracy of the measured value. When the infrared detector is found dirty, please wipe it with a cotton swab moistened with 95% absolute alcohol.

product description: Artificial nose, called disposable moisture heat exchanger (HME), is composed of water-absorbing materials and hydrophilic compounds. Lithium chloride sponge has condensation and humidification effects. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the internal material is higher than that of the external so that it can store heat Function. It has efficient humidification, heating and filtration functions. Product description: Disposable heat and moisture exchange filter (artificial nasal breathing filter) is used to keep the heat and humidity of the patient's exhaled air while isolating bacteria and viruses in the inhaled air. The product is for one-time use. It is a consumable used with ventilator, anesthesia machine and artificial respirator. It is mainly used for anesthesia of surgical patients, filtration of particles and viruses in oxygen and anesthetic gas during breathing, and adjustment of the temperature and humidity of exhaled air. Avoid cross-infection of anesthesia ventilator and patient's lung infection, adjust and maintain the suitability of the temperature and humidity of the exhaled air. Product function: When the human body is normal, the respiratory mucosa of the nose, pharynx, and larynx can warm and humidify the inhaled gas. After the patient`s tracheotomy, due to the change of the respiratory tract, the normal respiratory tract loses the function of regulating the temperature and humidity of the inhaled gas. Direct inhalation of the gas that has not been heated and humidified can cause the bronchial secretions to be thick and the sputum is difficult to cough up. Increase the blockage of the respiratory tract and cause lung infection. After tracheotomy, the airway water loss can increase up to 800ml/d, and the blockage rate of the tracheal tube can reach 14% to 43%. The artificial nose can retain the heat and humidity of the patient's exhaled air, while isolating bacteria and viruses in the inhaled air. The product is expected to be used in environments such as medical institutions, laboratories, and ambulances, and can be used for tracheotomy patients, anesthesiology, respiratory, and ICU intensive care centers. Structure and composition: According to the different composition of filter membrane and filter element, it is divided into the following models: Common type: consists of four parts: upper cover, lower cover, filter membrane and sampling port. --Hot and wet type: It is composed of four parts: upper cover, lower cover, filter element and sampling port. --Heat and moisture exchange type: consists of five parts: upper cover, lower cover, filter membrane, filter element and sampling port. --Creased paper type: consists of four parts: upper cover, lower cover, crepe paper filter membrane and sampling port. -- Traction type: The product consisting of two parts, the shell and the filter element, is sterilized by ethylene oxide, and the product should be sterile. The Heat and Moisture Exchange Filter (HMEF) is an artificial replacement device manufactured by simulating the mechanism of the human anatomical humidification and heating system. It collects and utilizes the heat and moisture in the exhaled breath to warm and humidify the inhaled gas, and has the function of filtering bacteria and dust particles, as an effective barrier to prevent any cross-infection in the clinical environment. The electrostatic filter prevents the passage of microorganisms through the electrostatic charge of the filter element. The crepe paper filter is also called a mechanical filter, which physically prevents bacteria and viruses from passing through a compact mixed layer of glass fiber paper. Function characteristics: 1) Provide suitable temperature and humidity: As a passive humid heat exchanger, the artificial nose can simulate the human anatomical humidification system. It has the functions of moderate humidification, effective heating and filtration. The gas inhalation is closer to the physiological state. The application of artificial nose can make The temperature in the airway is basically maintained at 29℃~32℃, and the maximum humidity is maintained at a relatively high range of 29~32mg/L, which compensates for the loss of heat and water in the body; 2) Provide effective filtration: effectively filter out bacteria with a filtration rate of greater than 99.9999%. The unique hydrophobic filter membrane prevents the patient's body fluids, secretions, blood and droplets from passing through, prevents body fluids from spreading disease sources and cross-infection, and comprehensively protects breathing and Anesthesia machines, patients, staff and working environment to reduce nosocomial infections; 3) Low breathing resistance; 4) There is a protection interface for CO2 detector; 5) To ensure the physiological requirement of humidity, non-heating humidification can be used at the same time, without heating humidification, reducing the occurrence of complications, as the cleanliness, temperature, and humidity of the inhaled gas are close to physiological requirements, the amount of sputum secretion is reduced, and the humidification is insufficient , Excessive humidification, respiratory tract irritation and other complications are reduced; 6) Extend the life cycle of breathing and anesthesia pipelines, reduce the workload and cost of disinfection and cleaning, and protect the inside of the machine from contamination; 7) Reduce the number of nursing hours: After the artificial nose is humidified, the amount of sputum and the number of sputum suctions are reduced. At the same time, because the artificial nose is directly connected to the tracheostomy tube, it reduces the work of humidification, dripping, replacement of gauze, and replacement of catheters. The amount of nursing work is reduced. Functional advantages: --The dead space is small, which minimizes the possibility and danger related to carbon dioxide rebreathing. --Lightweight, reducing the pulling force of the patient's tracheal connector. --Transparency, easy to detect any potential blockage. --ISO conical connector to ensure reliable connection with the respiratory system. --ISO gas sampling interface, reliable and convenient detection of respiratory volume. --Complete range of products to meet all clinical medical requirements from newborns to adults, and prevent cross-contamination of all types of medical equipment by gases and liquids. --Reliable performance, high-efficiency protection performance, prevent infection by bacteria and viruses and help humidify the inhaled gas so as to prevent the patient from inhaling cold and dry gas.

How to use medical protective mask? When should medical protective masks be used? Introduce you how to wear medical protective masks and 5 precautions. When should medical protective masks be used? 1. When performing diagnosis, treatment or nursing operations, it is predicted that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions, etc. will splash; 2. When it is necessary to have close contact with patients with infectious diseases spread by droplets; 3. It is used when close operations such as tracheotomy and tracheal intubation for respiratory infectious diseases may cause the patient's blood, body fluids, and secretions to splash. How to wear medical protective mask: 1. Put it on directly when you wear it, and adjust the comfort; 2. When removing it, you need to pinch the side close to the head or ears, and put it in a recycling device or a medical waste container after removing it. Five precautions for medical protective masks: 1. It needs to be cleaned and disinfected after use; 2. Before use, it is necessary to confirm whether the protective mask is damaged or whether the wearing device is loose. Once there is related abnormality, it should be cancelled immediately; 3. When discarding the medical protective goggles, be careful not to contaminate the blood, body fluids, secretions, etc. on the protective goggles; 4. Part of the medical protective mask can be reused. For this part of the product, if it is found that the contaminants on the mask are more serious, it should be treated immediately in accordance with the relevant rules of medical waste; 5. The focus of medical protective masks lies in their protective effects. Everything should be protected and protected. When using medical protective masks, they should be put on and taken off correctly and used in strict accordance with the prescribed methods.

The air disinfection machine is a machine that disinfects the air through the principles of filtration, purification, and sterilization. In addition to killing bacteria, viruses, molds, spores and other so-called sterilization, some models can also remove formaldehyde, phenol and other organic pollutants in the indoor air, and can also kill or filter pollen and other allergens. At the same time, it can effectively remove the smoke and smoke odor generated by smoking, the bad odor of the bathroom, and the human body odor. The disinfection effect is reliable, and it can be disinfected in the presence of human activities, realizing the coexistence of man and machine. Clinical application Air disinfection is an important measure to prevent hospital infections. Using an air disinfector can effectively clean the air in the operating room, purify the operating environment, reduce surgical infections, and increase the success rate of surgery. Suitable for air disinfection in operating rooms, treatment rooms, wards and other spaces. Classification characteristics Because of its diverse principles, there are also many types. But the main types are plasma air machine and ultraviolet air disinfection machine. As an internationally advanced plasma air disinfection machine, compared with the traditional ultraviolet circulating air disinfection machine, it has the following advantages: Efficient sterilization: Plasma has a good sterilization effect and a short action time, which is far less than high-intensity ultraviolet rays. Environmental protection: Plasma sterilization and disinfection work continuously, and will not produce ultraviolet rays, ozone, and avoid secondary pollution of the environment. Efficient degradability: Plasma disinfection machine can also degrade harmful and toxic gases in the air while disinfecting the air. According to the inspection report of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the degradation rate within 24 hours: formaldehyde 91%, benzene 93%, ammonia 78%, xylene 96%. At the same time, it can efficiently remove pollutants such as flue gas and smoke odor. Low energy consumption: The power of the plasma air disinfection machine is 1/3 of that of the ultraviolet disinfection machine, which is very energy-efficient. For a room of 150 square meters, plasma machine 150W, ultraviolet machine 450W or more, saving more than 1,000 yuan a year in electricity costs. Long service life: The plasma disinfection machine is designed to have a service life of 15 years under normal use, while the ultraviolet disinfection machine is only 5 years. One-time input and life-free consumables: The ultraviolet disinfection machine needs to replace a batch of lamps in about 2 years, and the cost is nearly 1,000 yuan. The plasma disinfection machine requires no consumables for life. Precautions : 1. Whether it is used for static disinfection or dynamic continuous disinfection, doors and windows are required to be closed. 2. It is strictly forbidden to cover or obstruct the air inlet and outlet of the disinfection machine. 3. The power socket must use a three-core socket with a safety ground wire. 4. Water is strictly forbidden to enter the machine. When cleaning the machine with a damp cloth, the power supply must be cut off first. 5. In order to achieve the disinfection effect, it cannot be used in excess volume. 6. Regularly check the working condition of the machine. If an abnormality is found, it should be overhauled immediately, and the electrical fault should be handled by a professional technician maintenance : 1. The instrument is managed by a dedicated person, and it is kept on standby for 24 hours to avoid frequent startup damage. 2. Maintenance of the filter: Check the filter regularly. If you find that the filter has too much dust, you should clean it with clean water or replace the filter in time. When replacing, open the filter cover, take out the filter net from the machine, replace with a new filter, and finally reinstall the filter on the machine. 3. Maintenance of the ultraviolet lamp: the intensity of ultraviolet radiation will affect the air disinfection effect. Therefore, use ethanol cotton balls to wipe the ultraviolet lamp at least once a month to ensure that the radiation intensity of the ultraviolet lamp is not affected by dust. 4. Maintenance of the negative oxygen ion generator: due to the dust reduction effect of negative oxygen ions, after long-term use, a large amount of dust will be deposited near the air outlet of the generator, so it should be removed regularly. When cleaning, you should first cut off the power and wipe with a soft dry cloth or a little medical alcohol. Note: Do not rinse with water, and the human sensor probe and display screen cannot be wiped with any detergent, ethanol, etc., and can only be wiped gently with a damp soft cloth

With the increase in crude oil prices and increased market competition pressure, many polyurethane companies have begun to try to transform and engage in the production of new polyurethane products. In the downstream product group of polyurethane, there is always only a few companies involved, and that is medical polyurethane materials. Development history my country has been developing medical polyurethane materials since 1980, including adhesives, thermoplastic elastomers, etc. Most of these materials are used in medical polyurethane orthopedic fixation bandages, artificial heart catheters, cardiac pacemakers, blood filters, artificial kidney hollow fiber dialysis Medical appliances such as instruments. In foreign countries, the use of polyurethane materials for the production of medical equipment has been very popular, but in China, this market has not been really developed. So what are the advantages of polyurethane materials for medical equipment? According to the introduction of experts, we have learned that medical polyurethane materials have good adhesion, toughness, solvent resistance, non-toxicity, good compatibility with the human body, and can produce transparent products according to requirements. These advantages ensure that the use of polyurethane products, whether in the production of internal or external medical appliances, can make it play a good performance. Medical bandage splint Fixation is an important measure for the treatment of fractures and dislocations. In order to meet the clinical needs of orthopedics, with the development of science and technology, domestic and foreign medical experts have carried out long-term and large-scale research and development, and a series of new fixtures have been successively developed. Appeared, breaking the traditional plaster fixation. Among them, the high-tech products "bandage" and "nursing splint" produced and waiting to be seen in the orthopedics field are the crystallization of polymer materials and international advanced production technology. Its appearance simplifies the operation for doctors in clinical shaping and bandaging, and provides a guarantee for the comfort and safety of patients. manufacture Manufactured by a Chinese company, the company has passed ISO9001:2008 and ISO13485:2003 international quality management system certification, and all products have passed the US FDA and EU CE certification, and are exported to Europe, the United States, and Japan. 2. What kind of products are bandages and splints? It is a polymer polyurethane product made of high-elastic glass fiber cloth and impregnated with polymer polyurethane. Animal tests and acute and chronic toxicological tests have confirmed that medical polyurethane is non-toxic, non-distorting, and non-irritating to local areas. . Bandage features 1. Comfort and safety: After the bandage is dry, the contraction is small, and it will not produce the uncomfortable feeling of tightness and itching of the skin after the plaster bandage dries. In the hardening process, the gypsum will not produce heat when it absorbs water and recrystallizes, and the patient's skin will have a burning sensation. 2. Good air permeability: The bandage uses high-quality raw yarn with good air permeability, which solves the discomfort of hot flashes, itching and other skin caused by long-term partial tube dressing and poor air permeability. 3. Light weight and high hardness: The hardness of the bandage after testing and curing is 20 times that of the traditional plaster bandage. This feature plays a reliable fixed role in maintaining the correct reset. The fixation material is small and the weight is light, equivalent to 1/5 of the plaster, which can make the affected area bear less weight, which is beneficial to local blood circulation and promotes healing. 4. Excellent projection: Splints and bandages have excellent radiation permeability, and the X-ray effect is clear, which can ensure that the doctor can accurately grasp the bone connection and bone healing of the affected area. 5. Good water resistance: The bandage has good water resistance, which can block 85% of the external moisture from penetrating. After the affected area is exposed to water, it can also effectively ensure that the affected area is dry. 6. Easy to operate, flexible, and good in shaping: When the fixing part has skin trauma or the operation time is long, it can be fixed directly without wetting water first. After fixing, water can be sprayed on the outer layer of the bag to accelerate the hardening speed. It has good shapeability, high bending and tensile strength, and can be bent at will. The bandage can be made into tube shape, support and splint. 7. A wide range of applications: orthopedic fixation, orthopedics for orthopedics, auxiliary functional appliances for prostheses, and support tools. Local protective stents in burns department, etc. Hardening time After opening the package, it will start to harden when exposed to water in 3.-5 minutes, and it can bear the weight after 20 minutes Water temperature effect By adjusting the water temperature, the hardening time can be adjusted. The water temperature increases and the hardening time is short; the water temperature decreases and the hardening time is long. Bandage use Put on medical gloves, choose a suitable size according to different parts, put a cotton sleeve on the injured part, soak in room temperature water for 3-4 seconds after opening the package, then squeeze out the excess water, wrap around the part that needs to be fixed 2-3 layers, The width of each lap of the laminated bandage is 1/2-2/3. After winding, it will be shaped as needed to make it tightly combined and smooth on the surface. Splint use Choose the appropriate model according to the lesion area, open the package, take it out and soak it in water at room temperature of about 27 degrees Celsius for 3-5 seconds, while squeezing it for 2-3 times to make it evenly absorb water, take it out and squeeze it several times to remove Excess water is then applied to the affected area and wrapped and fixed with gauze bandage or elastic bandage.

Baby diapers refer to baby diapers. Baby diapers have 3 layers of fast-absorbing water-locking bodies, 3 full-length diversion grooves, heightened double three-dimensional leak-proof partitions, and soft protective elastic back waist. These designs allow mothers Really feel the "fast suction without leaking dry and worry-free" value experience; in addition, the baby diapers also specially use widening and lengthening soft and non-adhesive magic buckles, which are safer and more convenient to use. product description Our Xuanweicheng Biological Co., Ltd. newly upgraded baby quick-absorbing dry diapers, with a unique 3-layer quick-absorbing and water-locking design, so that urine is evenly distributed and firmly locked in the inner layer of the diaper to prevent reverse seepage and leakage. Innovative dual three-dimensional leak-proof partitions, combined with a widened elastic back waist, softly fit the baby's body, and effectively prevent urine leakage from the front, back and sides. The widening and lengthening of the soft non-adhesive velcro makes the sticking firmer; at the same time, the larger contact area can effectively reduce the baby's side endurance and fit the baby more comfortably; the mother can adjust the waist circumference at any time to achieve the baby's most comfortable wearing state; intimate The non-adhesive material can effectively avoid sticking to the baby's tender skin; the soft cotton material is softer and more comfortable, and will never scratch the baby. The little butt is dry and clean, the baby's heart is clear, and the mother is more worry-free! 8 features of baby diapers 1. Unique 3 layers of quick suction and lock water body The surface layer absorbs urine instantly, the middle layer quickly diffuses and diverts, and the strong water-absorbing particles at the bottom firmly lock the urine without re-seepage, and the surface of the diaper is durable and dry 2. Soft protection elastic back waist circumference The soft cotton material cares for the baby, and can be freely stretched and contracted with the baby's movements, effectively preventing urine leakage 3. Unique 3 full-length diversion grooves Revolutionary fast diversion function, so that the urine is evenly dispersed in the absorbent body without re-seepage, reducing the time that the little butt is in contact with the urine, and it is always dry and clean. 4. Soft and non-adhesive Velcro Enlarge and widen the velcro, the paste is firmer and can be pasted repeatedly, the soft material is more personal and comfortable, and the intimate non-adhesive design avoids scratching the baby's tender skin 5. Heighten the double three-dimensional leak-proof partition Even if the baby is more active, the heightened design of the leak-proof partition can effectively prevent urine and loose stools from leaking sideways. 6. Clear wetness display After the baby wets, the wetness indicator line changes from yellow to blue, reminding mother to change the baby's diapers as soon as possible 7. Natural aloe skin-friendly layer The natural and gentle aloe vera skin-friendly layer gently cares for the baby's skin, reduces irritation and discomfort, and prevents the occurrence of diaper rash 8. Cotton breathable surface layer More fine vents quickly remove the hot and humid air, keep the air circulating, and make the little butt always fresh and comfortable Product number Various models of baby diapers Small size (S): suitable for babies who can lie on their stomachs, weighing 4-8 kg Medium (M): suitable for sitting babies, weighing 6-11 kg Large size (L): suitable for standing babies, weighing 9-14 kg Extra large (XL): suitable for learning to walk babies, weighing more than 12 kg Instructions How to use diapers 1. Spread out the diapers, the end with the buckle is the back 2. Put the unfolded diapers under the baby`s butt, and put the back slightly higher than the abdomen to prevent urine from leaking from behind the back 3. Pull the diaper between the baby's legs up to below the belly button, and align the buckles on the left and right sides with the waist circumference respectively, and stick them symmetrically. Be careful not to stick it too tightly, take it as a guideline to fit a finger 4. Adjust the frills of the waist and legs to prevent the frills from jamming the baby's tender skin and abrading the skin. At the same time, pull out the leak-proof side of the leg to prevent side leakage. main indicators What kind of diaper does mom need most? 1. Better absorption (1) The outer surface feels dry after using diapers; (2) The front, back and sides of the diaper are not leaking; (3) Absorb urine uniformly instead of concentrated in the middle; 2. Dry and breathable (1) Keep baby's buttocks dry after using diapers; (2) When taking off the diaper, it will not stick to the baby's buttocks; (3) No rash; 3. Soft (1) The baby moves freely; (2) There is no red seal; (3) Cotton, feels softer; 4. Thin (1) It looks and feels thin to the touch; (2) Suitable for summer use; (3) Does not rise after absorbing urine; 5. Other indicators of diapers In addition to the main indicators mentioned above, a good diaper should also have a good cut, a wet display, a fun cartoon pattern, continuous cotton, and a magic buckle.

The disposable medical cap is suitable for clinical health care in non-infectious disease areas. A hat made of cut and sewn non-woven fabric. It is worn during surgery and inspection in medical units. As major hospitals are paying more and more attention to infection control, the self-protection awareness of medical staff in hospitals is also getting stronger. Both doctors and nurses will use disposable protective caps. There are three types of disposable protective caps, namely shawl caps, dome caps and flat top caps. effect: The medical protective cap is composed of two structural parts: a thin non-woven fabric round cap top and a lower pointed cone body. When wearing a medical cap, there is an elastic band behind the cap to determine the size of the head. It won't be inappropriate for people to bring it. The medical cap also has the effect of absorbing sweat, which is convenient to wear in the operating room. If the forehead sweats during the operation, the drying effect will automatically absorb the sweat on the forehead, which will not affect the sight of the operation. The structure is simple and very good. Practical, it is a good choice. Instructions: 1. Choose a suitable size hat, which should fully cover the hair on the head and hairline. 2. There should be a tightened belt or elastic band around the brim of the hat to prevent the hair from being scattered during the operation. 3. For those with longer hair, tie the hair well before putting on the hat and buckle all the hair into the hat. 4. The closed ends of the disposable strip surgical cap must be placed on both ears, and placed on the forehead or other parts is not allowed. Precautions: Medical protective caps are classified into multiple use and one use. If you buy a one-time use, then you need to keep the medical trash can in accordance with hospital regulations after use.